顶棚设计与音乐厅音质的研究(英文)

Research on Relationship Between Ceiling Design and Acoustics in the Concert Hall

音乐厅的灯光与舞台设备不如歌剧院复杂,但其音质是各种厅堂中最关键的,不能只用单一声学参数评价.声学设计通常只给出总体效果.预测声学设计结果的困难在于对多个声场参数的综合.本文建议采用多维玫瑰图计算面积系数的方法作为对声场进行综合评价的技术规则,图中的每一个维度分别代表一声场参数.因此,需增大厅堂中具有较佳音质的玫瑰图的面积.根据国际标准(ISO3382),对音乐厅进行的测试通常仅对少数经过选择的位置进行.而今通过数字仿真可预测每个座位处的音质参数,并且可以得出音质参数的优选位置的比率.从这些统计数据中,不仅可以比较不同声学设计方案,还可知道如何改进声学设计.本方法被应用于某一中等尺度厅堂的五种不同顶棚设计形状的比较,并得出优化方案.

Lighting and stage facilities in concert hall are not as complicated as opera house, but the acoustics quality is most the crucial among all kinds of hall design which can not be evaluated with single acoustical parameter. Acoustical design usually presents an overall effect only. Difficult to predict the result of acoustical design in combining many acoustical parameters. Here suggests criterion method by the area coefficient counted with multi-dimension rose graph, each dimension in the graph denoting an individual acoustic parameter, as the technique rule of the combined acoustical criterion. Therefore area has shown in the rose graph needs to larger the better acoustics in the hall. Measurement of the concert hall usually takes with international standard / ISO 3382） processing the minimum test points by scale. It just take account of few selected positions only. Now through digital simulation predict the acoustics parameters even at every, seat position. And can get the percentage of the optimum positions as criteria of acoustics. From there statistical data, not only can make compares with different acoustical design, and also know how to improve the acoustical design. This method has been used to optimize a medium-size hall project design from five different ceiling configurations.