2005年山东省部分孕期妇女风疹易感性调查

Study on Rubella Susceptibility in Pregnant Women in Shandong in 2005

[目的]了解山东省孕期妇女风疹易感性水平,为调整风疹疫苗免疫策略提供依据.[方法]2005年,采集不同地区到医院准备分娩的20～40 岁孕妇血清,采用间接酶联免疫吸附定量法检测风疹IgG抗体.[结果]检测标本3 788份,风疹抗体阳性（＞20 IU/ml）的2 942人,阴性（＜10 IU/ml）的314人,临界值（10～20 IU/ml）的532人,易感（临界值和阴性者）合计846人,易感率为22.33%.几何平均抗体含量（CMT）为34.93 IU/ml.不同地区风疹易感率和CMT的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;风疹易感率有随年龄增长而增高的趋势（P＜0.01）.[结论]山东省近1/4的孕妇为风疹的易感者,有必要对育龄期妇女开展风疹疫苗接种.

[Objective]To determine the rubella susceptibility among pregnant women,provide scientific basis for the improvement of rubella vaccination strategy in Shandong.[Methods]A cross-sectional clinic-based study was conducted among pregnant women aged 20-40 by testing for rubella-specific IgG antibodies with ELISA（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay）.[Results]Of the 3 788 pregnant women,Rubella antibody was positive in 2 942 pregnant women（〉20 IU/ml）,314 were negative（〈10 IU/ml）.532 were at the critical index（10-20 IU/ml）.Altogether 846 pregnant women were susceptible to rubella.22.33% were found to be susceptible to rubella and geometric mean titer（GMT） was 34.93 IU/ml.Higher susceptibility among pregnant women aged over 25 was observed.There was a difference of the rubella susceptibility and GMT in different areas.The rubella seropositivity in pregnant women increased with age.[Conclusion]Nearly 1/4 of pregnant women were susceptible to rubella.Susceptibility data are important and sufficient to development a vaccination strategy.Combined with epidemiologic character of rubella in Shandong,it indicated that introduction of the rubella vaccine into the childhood immunization schedule could curtail virus transmission but not be sufficient to decrease risk of rubella exposure for pregnant women at present.It is imperative that any vaccination strategy in the short-term should focus on improving the immunization level of pregnant women to prevent congenital rubella syndrome（CRS）.