西方慈善救济思想在近代中国的传播与影响分析

Analysis of Spreading and Imfluence of Western Ideas of Charity and Social Relief in Modern China

开埠通商以后,随着中西文化交流的频繁,西方思想和文化对近代中国产生了巨大影响。在慈善与社会救济领域,通过早期出洋考察的学人、士绅和官员的传播和思想先驱的鼓吹与倡导,中国传统慈善救济思想发生了深刻变化,吸收了西方国家近代先进的济贫思想和实践经验,充实和扩大了慈善救济的内容与对象,使慈善事业有了近代公益事业的特征,树立了教养并重的救济理念和通过发展经济、改善民生的富国养民思想。

After treaty ports and international trade relations were established, and cultural exchanges between China and western countries became more frequent, western ideas and culture strongly influenced modem China. Very early on gentry scholars and officials went abroad and learned about philanthropy and social welfare. They proposed new pioneering ideas which profotmdly changed traditional Chinese ideas about charity and social relief. Chinese pioneers absorbed the ideas and practical experience of poverty relief in modem developed western countries, and enriched and expanded the meaning and objectives of charity and social relief in China, thereby endowing Chinese charity with the characteristics of modem public welfare. In particular, they established the charitable principles of educating and taking care of poor people and the idea that by developing the economy, a prosperous country could improve the livelihood of its population and take care of the people.