摘要
目的了解台风所致严重伤害的流行病学特征和主要危险因素。方法采用流行病学现况研究的方法调查台风所致严重伤害发生情况、治疗情况、后果及台风登陆前后风速、雨量等;同时采用病例对照研究对伤害发生的危险因素进行研究。结果台风"云娜"在温岭共造成严重伤害422例,其中死亡50人,伤害发生率39/10万,男性明显高于女性,伤害发生时间分布与风速变化高度相关。79.69%病例在县级以上医疗机构接受救治,平均治疗费用7729.1元,其中67.9%接受急诊手术。主要伤害类型为骨折、割刺伤及裂伤和压砸伤。主要受伤原因为房屋倒塌。仅有68%的受伤者曾得到过台风预警。"台风来临前未得到预警或虽得到预警但不重视"(OR=6.7,95%CI:1.9~7.7)和"台风来临时未呆在家中"(OR=3.8,95%C:3.1~14.5)的人发生严重伤害的危险性相对更大。结论加强预警,提高台风预报的准确性和及时性,及时撤离危险场所,加强基层医疗急救能力,可以最大限度减少严重伤害的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiologleal characteristics and main risk factors of serious injuries caused by typhoon. Methods A cross seetiooal study was used to investigate the serious injuries caused by typhoon and its treatment condition and results. The wind velocity, rainfall before and after the landfall of typhoon was also involved. At same time, a ease-eontrol study was conducted to study the risk factors of serious injuries. Results Typhoon Rananim caused 50 deaths and 392 hospital admissions in Wenling City, and the incidence rate of injuries was 27 per 100000. The rate in male was sigeifieantly higher than that in female, and the time distribution of the injuries happening was associated with the height of wind velocity. 79.69% patients were treated in country hospital or other upwaard hospitals, with an average cost of 7729.1 yuan, and 67.9% of them need emergency surgeries. The main types of serious injures were fractures, cuts, puncture wounds and lacerations, and crushing injuries. The main reason of injuries was building collapse. 68% victims had received a typhoon warning. The risk of serious injuries was greater for persons who had not received a warning or had never regarded the warning (OR= 6.7, 955CI 1.9-7.7) than for those who had received and regarded the warning, and risk of serious injuries was also greater for persons who outdoors (OR= 3.8, 95CI3.1-14.5) when the typhoon earne than for those in houses. Conclusions Enhancing typhoon warning, improving accuracy and timeliness of typhoon warning, evacuating dangerous place in time, strengthening ability of the emergency treatment of the basic medical organization can reduce the happening of serious injuries.
出处
《浙江预防医学》
2007年第10期3-5,共3页
Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
台风
伤害
流行病学
病例对照研究
Typhoon
Injuries
Epidemiology
Case-control study