鳗弧菌油乳化二价口服疫苗免疫养殖大菱鲆的免疫应答及免疫效果的研究

Immune Responses and efficacy of an oral-emulsified bivalent vaccine against Vibrio anguillarum in turbot （Scophthalmus maximus）

以鳗弧菌M3和SMP1为细菌抗原制备了油乳化二价疫苗,用饵料包埋后连续7天口服免疫大菱鲆鱼,评价鱼的免疫应答和疫苗的保护效果.结果显示,乳化疫苗在鱼后肠刺激产生的溶菌酶和抗蛋白酶活性以及抗体水平均高于未乳化疫苗（P＜0.05）;并且在乳化疫苗免疫的鱼血清检测到明显升高的M3抗体效价（P＜0.05）.原位杂交结果显示,乳化疫苗免疫鱼的后肠IgM的产生水平高于未乳化疫苗免疫鱼.攻毒实验显示,乳化疫苗免疫的鱼对M3和SMP1的感染分别获得100%和50%的免疫保护率,而未乳化疫苗获得的免疫保护率分别为57.9%和0%.结果表明,鳗弧菌油乳化二价口服疫苗能引起大菱鲆后肠的非特异性和特异性免疫应答并有效地抵抗鳗弧菌的感染,适合用作水产口服鱼用疫苗.

An oil-emulsified bivalent vaccine comprised of inactivated bacterial ceils of pathogenic Vibrio anguillartan strains M3 and SMP1 was prepared. The vaccine was embedded in the bait pellet and administered to cultured turbot （Scophthalmus maximus ） for 7 days by oral mute. Fish immunized with the oil-emulsified vaccine showed higher levels of antibody titres against M3 and SMP1, and higher lysozyme and antiprotease activities than fish immunized with non-oil-emulsifted vaccine in the hindgut（ P 〈 0.05） ; Moreover, the increasing level of antibody titres against M3 was detected in the serum of fish immunized with the oil-emulsified vaccine （P 〈 0.05）. The IgM in the hindgut lamina was produced and distributed at higher level in the fish administered by oil-emulsified vaccine than in the fish administered by non-emulsified vaccine. The relative percentage survivals （RPS） against M3 and SMP1 in the fish administered by oil-emulsified vaccine were 100% and 50%, respectively, while the counterparts in the fish administered by non-emulsified vaccine were 57.9% and 0%, respectively. Results showed that the oil-emulsified bivalent vaccine was effective in the fish culture against the infection of V. anguiUarum.