水生系统溶解氧的生态动力学模拟研究

Study on ecological dynamical modeling of the dissolved oxygen in aquiculture ecosystems

以高密度对虾养殖水体为研究对象,建立了预测溶解氧的生态动力学模型,从而模拟和反映了养殖生态系统溶解氧含量及其对外部变化的响应,并模拟比较了不同蓄水方式下的节能生产效果.结果表明养殖生态系统溶解氧的模拟结果与实测值吻合良好;初期纳水方式相对于阶段性进水方式而言,在相同的人工充氧措施下可形成更有利于对虾生产的溶解氧环境.如果将池塘溶解氧控制在相同水平,则初期纳水方式可缩短约7%的增氧机开放时间,在90天的养殖周期中可节约电能5810kWh/ha,有利于对虾的节能生产.

A dynamical model of dissolved oxygen （DO） for the intensive shrimp culture ecosystem was built up. The fluctuations of DO in shrimp pond were simulated and the electricity used in aeration for two water filling procoedures was assessed. The results showed that the simulated data was in accordance with the field data well. For two water filling procedures, it would be more efficient for increasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen by fully filling the pond before stocking than filling up over a period after stocking, and would save 7% of total aerator operation hours or 5810kWh/ha electricity in 90d culture period based on simulation-controlled mantenance of the dissolved oxygen, which was more beneficial to improve economic efficiency in shrimp production.