寒冷缺氧降低大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞的增殖反应

Effects of hypoxia and cold on the splenic lymphocyte proliferation in rat

目的观察缺氧和寒冷对大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞功能的影响及其与腺苷脱胺酶之间的关系,探讨冬季急进高原时机体免疫功能改变的规律和机制。方法大鼠分别在常温常氧、寒冷常氧、常温缺氧以及寒冷缺氧环境中生活3 d,用3H-TdR掺入法检测脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖功能,用比色法测定脾脏T淋巴细胞腺苷脱胺酶活性。结果与常温常压对照组比较,单纯寒冷或单纯缺氧均可引起脾脏T淋巴细胞在刀豆素A刺激下的刺激指数显著降低,但缺氧复合寒冷大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞的刺激指数并未进一步降低,而是接近单纯缺氧大鼠。单纯缺氧和单纯寒冷并不改变大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞上的腺苷脱胺酶活性,而缺氧复合寒冷则使其显著降低。结论缺氧和寒冷均可抑制脾脏T淋巴细胞的功能,但两者对脾脏T淋巴细胞功能的影响可能并无叠加效应;腺苷脱氨酶活性的改变可能参与寒冷缺氧大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞功能的降低。

Objective To explore the effects of hypoxia and cold on splenic T lymphocytes proliferation. Methods Wistar rats were housed in the following conditions： 1. normal （room temperature： 20 - 25℃ at sea level） ; 2. cold （room temperature： 0 - 2℃ at sea level） ; 3. hypoxia （room temperature： 20 - 25℃ at 5 000 m simulated high altitude in hypobarie chamber） ; 4. hypoxia plus cold （room temperature： 0-2~C at 5 000 m simulated high altitude in hypobaric chamber）. Three days later, the spleen lymphocyte were collected and stimulated with concanavalin A. The activity of adenosine deaminase was determined by spectrophotometer. Results Splenocyte proliferation was significantly decreased after 3 days exposure to cold or hypoxia. The splenocyte proliferation for living in hypoxia combined with cold condition was similar as for living in hypoxia. The activity of adenosine deaminase was not influenced by hypoxia or cold alone but was reduced by combined cold and hypoxia. Conclusion Both hypoxia and cold can inhibit the function of lymphocyte but there is no additive effect between hypoxia and cold. Adenosine deaminase may be involved in the inhibitive effect induced by cold combined with hypoxia.