中外石油公司上游产业竞争力评价

Assessment of upstream-sector competition in Chinese and foreign oil companies

通过相应的研究方法对中外石油公司上游勘探开发竞争力进行量化分析,有助于精确测度中外石油公司的差距,从而对国内石油公司适时进行战略调整。评价中外石油公司上游产业竞争力可以从规模竞争力和产业素质竞争力两个方面进行。规模竞争力是指产业在要素投入、产出等方面的相对竞争力;素质竞争力是指产业在运行质量和运行效率方面的竞争力。对产业规模的评价采取主成分分析法,选用原油储产量、天然气储产量等6项指标进行评价;对产业素质的评价运用灰色系统理论,选用销售收入、营业利润、勘探开发成本、操作成本、储采比等8项指标进行评价。分析石油公司的综合竞争力应将两种评价结果相结合。无论是规模竞争力评价还是产业素质评价均具有相对性。竞争力评价关注的是各个公司进步的相对速度。模型评价结果显示,上游产业规模竞争力和产业素质竞争力在多数情况下是成正比的;老牌国际大石油公司之间、中外石油公司之间的差距有逐步缩小之势。

This study quantitatively analyzes the competitive positions of Chinese and foreign oil companies in upstream exploration and production.By estimating more precisely the gaps between Chinese and foreign oil companies,this analysis will allow Chinese companies to adjust their strategies appropriately.The upstream-sector competitive positions of Chinese and foreign oil companies may be evaluated in terms of scale or industrial quality.Scale refers to the industry's competitive power in such basics as input and output; quality refers to the quality and efficiency of its operations.Principal component analysis is applied to evaluate scale,using a selection of six indexes including reserves and production for crude oil and natural gas.The grey system theory is applied to evaluate quality, using eight indexes including sales income,operating profits, exploratory development costs,operating costs and reserve-production ratio.An analysis of overall competition in the petroleum industry must take the combination of these two results into account.Any evaluation,whether of scale or of quality,is relative.A competition analysis focuses on comparing the speed at which companies are progressing.Results of the model evaluation indicate that,in the majority of cases,competitiveness in terms of scale is directly correlated with quality.In addition,gaps between the old-line international oil companies and between Chinese and foreign corporations are gradually closing.