湛江海域养殖与野生鱼类肌肉中5种激素含量的分析和比较

Analysis and comparison on level of 5 kinds of hormones in muscles of cultured and wild fishes in Zhanjiang sea area

采用放射免疫分析法测定了养殖与野生黑鲷Sparus macroccephalus、花尾胡椒鲷Plectorhynchus cinctus、军曹鱼Rachycentron canadum、青鲈Nibea japonica、白鲳Pampus argenteus5种湛江海域常见养殖鱼类肌肉中生长激素、雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮及绒毛膜促性腺激素的含量。结果表明,同一种激素含量依鱼种类的不同而有差异。5种激素在5种养殖与野生鱼类中的含量是,生长激素以养殖与野生青鲈最高,雌二醇以养殖黑鲷、野生军曹鱼最高,孕酮以养殖与野生军曹鱼最高,睾酮以养殖与野生白鲳最高,绒毛膜促性腺激素以养殖青鲈、野生花尾胡椒鲷最高。同一种激素含量在同种的养殖与野生鱼类中有显著差异(p<0.01),养殖黑鲷肌肉中5种激素含量分别是野生黑鲷的6.94、4.01、2.81、2.42、2.99倍;养殖花尾胡椒鲷分别是野生花尾胡椒鲷的5.68、2.51、2.15、2.13、1.93倍;养殖军曹鱼分别是野生军曹鱼的46.11、1.71、1.63、5.50、2.91倍;养殖青鲈分别是野生青鲈的6.60、2.75、2.83、3.58、5.38倍;养殖白鲳分别是野生白鲳的2.55、2.67、2.49、2.52、2.70倍。实验结果提示,放射免疫分析法可作为检测水产品中激素含量的有效手段。

The levels of growth hormone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and chorlonic gonadotropic hormone in the muscles of cultured and wild Sparus macroccephalus, Plectorhynchus cinctus, Rachycentron canadum, Nibea japonica, Pampus argenteus in the Zhanjiang sea area were determined by radioimmunoassay （RIA）. The result showed that the level of each hormone was different with different fish species, and their distributions were as follows. The highest levels of growth hormone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and chorionic gonadotropic hormone in the 5 species of cultured and wild fishes occurred in cultured and wild Nibea japonica, cultured Sparus macroccephalus and wild Rachycentron canadum, cultured and wild Rachycentron canadum, cultured and wild Pampus argenteus, cultured Nibea japonica and wild Plectorhynchus cinctus respectively. The level of each hormone in the cultured fish was obviously higher than the same species of the wild fish （p〈0. 01）. The levels of the 5 kinds of hormones in the muscles of cultured Sparus macroccephalus were 6.94, 4.01, 2.81, 2.42 and 2.99 times those of wild Sparus macroccephalus respectively, those of cultured Plectorhynchus cinctus were 5.68, 2. 51, 2.15, 2.13 and 1.93 times those of wild Plectorhynchus cinctus respectively, those of cultured Rachycentron canadum were 46.11, 1.71, 1.63, 5.50 and 2.91 times those of wild Rachycentron canadum respectively, those of cultured Nibea iaponica were 6.60, 2.75, 2.83, 3.58 and 5.38 times those of wild Nihea jiaponica repectively, and those of cultured Pampusargenteus were 2.55, 2.67, 2. 49, 2.52 and 2.70 times those of Wild Pampus argenteus respectively. It suggested that RIA would be an effective method for determining hormone levels of aquatic products.