印度地方政党及其政治影响

Regional Political Parties in India and their Political Power

印度的地方政党总体上有种族民族主义政党、教派主义政党和种姓政党三大类型。它们的产生与独立以来社会阶级结构和种姓结构的变化有关,是国大党高度集权体制催生的地方主义兴起的产物。它打破了传统的权力平衡,改变了人民院的权力结构,也使得印度的政党政治走向地方化,改变未来联邦—邦的关系模式。

Regional political parties in India can be grouped into such three types of ethnic nationalist parties, communalist-oriented parties and caste-oriented parties. Their emergence has been related to the evolution and change of social class pattern and caste pattern, and is a product of regionalism catalysed by the Congress's high-degree centralist system. Such a development of Indian internal politics has broken Indian traditional balance of power, changed the power structure of the Lok Sabha, regionalized Indian political parties, and transformed the mode of the future relations between the Union on the one side and the various states on the other.