森林生态效益补偿机制与政策研究

Forest Eco-compensation Mechanisms and Policies Options

建立森林生态效益补偿机制能够部分或全部实现森林生态效益的价值,体现出利益相关者之间的平等性,动员全社会参与森林生态系统的保育,更好地加强森林可持续经营的能力。本文通过综合分析相关文献,理清森林生态效益补偿的概念和范畴,对森林生态效益补偿机制与政策开展研究和探讨。对森林生态补偿的历程进行回顾,探讨了森林生态补偿机制建立过程中存在的主要问题。对森林生态效益补偿标准进行初步核算,得出补偿标准的范围,以期为补偿标准的制定提供依据。根据以上分析和探讨,提出今后我国森林生态效益补偿政策建议。

To establishing forest eco-compensation mechanism could put the value of forest ecosystem services into practice partly or thoroughly, stress the equality of the stakeholders, encourage people to involve the tendering of forest ecosystem, strengthen the capacity of sustainable management. In the light of relevant literature review, this article makes clear the definition and scales and deeply discusses on the forest eco-compensation mechanism. According to reviewing the history of forest eco-compensation initiatives, the authors analyze the main problems during the process of implementation. In order to provide the theory basis to make up the eco-compensation standards, the eco-compensation advice is put forward in terms of the primarily accounting of forest eco-system services. Based on the above analysis and discussion, the policy recommendations are presented in the paper, including increasing the fiscal transfer payment, diversifying financing channels, strengthening the management capacity, establishing legal framework and raising public awareness on eco-compensation.