试论基督教修道制度的滥觞

Discussion on the Origin of Monasticism

基督教修道制度起源于罗马帝国统治下的埃及,对其起源的探究是一个异常复杂的课题。东西方神秘主义思潮和禁欲主义为基督教所吸收,这成为修道制度诞生的思想来源。罗马帝国的高压统治及其对待基督教的政策是修道制度兴起的社会政治原因。此外,埃及3世纪经济危机的发生、民族主义的兴起以及自然环境的影响,使得埃及成为修道制度的滥觞之地,并逐渐传播到世界各地。

The monasticism emanated from Egypt under the Roman Empire rule, and investigating its origin is a uniquely complex subject. The East and West mysticism and the asceticism absorb for Christianity, this becomes the thought origin that the monasticism is born. The Roman Empire high- pressure rules and its treats Christianity the policy is the social politics reason that the monasticism emerges. In addition, the Egyptian 3 centuries economic crisis occurrence, the nationalism rise as well as the natural environment influence, enables Egypt to become the cradle of monasticism, and spread a world- wide locations gradually.