征地制度绩效下降与重构

A Study on the Decrease and Improvement of Benefits of Land Expropriation System

从经济绩效、社会绩效和生态绩效三个方面对征地制度的绩效进行初步分析。与20世纪50年代到80年代初期相比,征地制度绩效明显下降。在市场经济体制和中央财政下放的环境下,中央政府、地方政府和农民之间的权力失衡、农村土地产权模糊和征地程序失范是造成征地制度绩效降低的主要原因,集体土地使用权有限期直接进入土地一级市场之后再收归国有、农村集体土地所有权"人格化"和完善司法救济制度是提高征地制度绩效的主要途径。

This paper analyses the benefits of land expropriation system from the aspect of economy, society and ecology. Compared with the 1950＇ s - 1980＇ s, the benefits of land expropriation system have decreased markedly. In the environment of market economy and transfer of central financial rights to local government, the reasons for the decrease of land expropriation system benefits are mainly the imbalance of rights between the central government, local government and peasants, the illegibility of collective- owned land property and imperfection of land expropriation procedure. Finally, this paper puts forward some measurements such as requiring collective land property after it is sold for some time, personifica- tion management of collective-owned land, building judicial saving system and so on.