墨白1号群体在两种环境下经多年栽培选择后的性状变异

Study on the Traits Variation of Tuxpeno 1 Population Domesticated under Two Entironments

2005年在四川雅安生态条件下,对分别在广西南宁和四川屏山2种环境条件下经多年栽培选择后的墨白1号群体的表现进行了鉴定和评价。结果表明,在雅安生态条件下,经不同环境种植的墨白1号一致表现散粉期、吐丝期偏晚,雌雄不协调,植株和穗位高,空秆率高,结实性差。但均表现有较大的遗传变异和选择潜力,可用于拓宽现有玉米种质的遗传基础;不同性状对生态环境或栽培选择条件的敏感程度不同,吐丝期、散粉期、散粉至吐丝间隔、百粒重、穗行数、行粒数、空秆率、雄花退化率等性状的敏感性强,而穗位高、雄穗分支数、秃尖长、单株产量等性状的敏感性弱。

This study dealt with the identification and evaluation of Tuxpeno 1 population which had been planted and selected for many years in two entironments under the ecological conditions in Yaan, sichuan in 2005. Results showed that the Tuxpeno 1 population which were planted in two entironments displayed the delay of days to shed and days to silk, discoordination for the development of male and female, higher plant and ear height, high barreness. By selection and improvement the two populations can be used to broaden the genetic base of temperate maize breeding, because of the greater ge- netic variation and higher selection potential within each population. The different performances of the sensitivity to different ecological conditions were observed among different traits. The ASI, time to silk, time to shed, stem diameter, weight of hundred kernels, kernel number per row, kernel row, rate of barreness, rate of tassel degeneration have larger sensitivity; however, ear height, tassel branch number, length of bare-ear, yield per plant have smaller sensitivity.