核电站辐射测量技术的检测设备研究

The research of measure technology equipment about radiation in nuclear station

本文通过对核电站发电原理和流程的阐述说明核电站放射性惰性气体产生的来源,以及核辐射对人体主要敏感器官造成的躯体伤害和遗传危害。然后,介绍核辐射测量的基本原理,并对惰性气体的几种测量方法进行分析比较。在此基础上提出"在线测量"的理念,代替传统的离线测量,改进传统测量方法中的不足,并将自动控制领域的软硬件设计方法应用于核辐射测量,实现基于CAN总线的放射性惰性气体在线测量方法的设计思路,完成该测量系统从采样到测量方法的选择,和测量仪器的刻度,并对预期需要达到的技术指标和需要改进的地方进行分析修正。

This paper studies on the measurement techniques of radioactive inert gases emited in nuclear power plants. Through illustrating the principles of generating electricity, we know the radioactive inert gases sources and the radioactive hazards on human primarily sensitive organ. Then, we introduces the principles of nuclear radiation measurement, and the measurement methods, such as ionizing room messurement method, plastic card bodymeasurenment method, semiconductor dector method,and make some comparison as well. In this paper ,we put forward ＂online survey＂ coeept , correction the shortcomings of the traditional measurement methods. For example, the need to read out the data with other equipmen resulting in the acquisition of outcome; Most methods can only carry on a point measurements, and materials consistency is poor;Except for the photosensitive film mthod,the other methods are poor at spatial resolving power.The hardware and software design method in automatic cotroll field are applied to the field of nuclear radia- tion measurement,to realize the design about radioactive inert gases measure based on CAN bus.In the paper we make the choice from sampling methods to measure mthod and point out the technical indicators we shoud reach.