取食重金属铜对棕尾别麻蝇亲代及子代生长发育与繁殖的影响

Effects of dietary copper on the growth, development and reproduction of Boettcherisca peregrine (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in the parental generation and first filial generation

为了评估取食含重金属铜饲料对棕尾别麻蝇Boettcherisca peregrine亲代及子代的生长发育与繁殖的影响,在室内给棕尾别麻蝇初产幼虫饲喂含不同浓度(200,400,800和1600μg/g)Cu2+的饲料直至化蛹,并对亲代和子代的生长发育和繁殖有关指标进行了观察和分析。结果表明:低浓度的Cu2+(200μg/g)对其体重和体长起促进作用,但对幼虫历期、化蛹率、蛹历期、羽化率、性比、交配率和产仔量无显著作用;较高浓度的Cu2+则有抑制作用,且Cu2+处理浓度越高,亲代幼虫、蛹和雌雄成虫的体重越轻,幼虫和蛹的体长越短,化蛹率、羽化率、交配率和产仔量越低,幼虫历期和蛹期越长,成虫寿命越短。但Cu2+处理对成虫性比则无显著的影响。相比之下,经Cu2+处理后雌虫所产的子代若不再经Cu2+处理,其子代生存、生长发育与繁殖则基本不受影响,说明Cu2+对亲代的影响不能遗传至子代。此外,还探讨了该蝇亲代与子代体内Cu2+含量在其变态过程中的变化。

For evaluating the effects of dietary heavy metals on the growth, development and reproduction of the parental generation and first filial generation of flesh fly Boettcherisca peregrine （Diptera： Sarcophagidae）, newly oviposited larvae of the fly were exposed to various administered concentrations （200, 400, 800, and 1 600 μg/g） in the artificial diet until pupation under laboratory conditions, and some parameters relative to the growth, development and reproduction of the fly were observed and analysed. The results indicated that the low dietary Cu^2＋ （200 μg/g） significantly enhanced body weight and body length of B. peregrine but had no obvious effect on its larval duration, pupation ration, pupal duration, eclosion ratio, sex ratio, mating ratio and oviposition number, while higher doses inhibited development and reproduction. Moreover, with increasing of dietary Cu^2＋ concentration, the body weight of larva, pupa and adult become lighter, the body length of larva and pupa turned shorter, the percentages of pupation, emergence, mating and the fecundity were reduced, the duration of larva and pupa stage was prolonged, and the life span of adult shortened. However, the effect of copper on the sex ratio was not obvious. In contrast, the growth, development and reproduction of B. peregrine in the first filial generation unexposed to Cu^2＋ were almost not markedly affected in spite of the fact that their parental generation had previously been exposed to Cu^2＋. This suggests that effects of dietary copper on the parental generation of B. peregrine will not be transferred to its next generation. In addition,changes in Cu^2＋ contents of B. peregrine during metamorphosis in both the parental generation and the first filial generation were also determined.