头孢地嗪钠体内、外抗菌活性研究

In Vivo and in Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Cefodizime Sodium

目的:评价国产及进口头孢地嗪钠(CDZ)体内、外抗菌活性。方法:采用琼脂平皿稀释法及试管稀释法测定国产CDZ及其进口制剂、头孢氨噻肟钠对300株临床分离致病菌的最低抑菌浓度( MIC) ;采用小鼠腹腔感染模型,观察CDZ对大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏肺炎杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌感染小鼠的体内抗菌作用,按Bliss法计算半数有效剂量(ED50)值。结果:国产和进口CDZ对大部分革兰阴性菌,革兰阳性菌中的肺炎球菌、乙型链球菌等具有显著的抗菌活性,MIC90大多为0.012～1.0μg·mL-1。对阴沟杆菌、产气杆菌和沙雷氏菌具有中度抗菌活性,对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌抗菌活性较差,MIC50为4μg·mL-1。对本实验所试绿脓杆菌、不动杆菌、肠球菌、甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌耐药。对敏感大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏肺炎杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌感染模型小鼠均具有较好保护作用,两者疗效相近。结论:国产与进口CDZ具有较强和相同的抗菌活性。

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cefodizime from both home and abroad. METHODS： The minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of domestic and imported cefodizime, cefotaxime sodium against 300 clinical isolates of bacteria were tested by standard agar dilution method and the test tube dilution method. The in vivo antibacterial activities of cefodizime were determined in mice with experimental systemic infection caused by E.coli, K. pneumoniae and S.aureus. The values of ED50 were calculated by Bliss method. RESULTS： Both domestic and imported cefodizime had remarkable potency against majority gram-negative bacteria and gram- positive bacteria, including pneumococcus and beta streptococcus, and the MIC90 of cefodizime stood at 0.012-1.0μg · mL^-1 and they showed medium grade antibacterial activity against bacillus cloacae, bacillus aerogenes and serratia but mild effects on MSSA and S.epidermidis, and the MIC50 stood at 4μg · mL^- 1. In this trial, bacillus aeruginosus, acinetobacter, enterococcus and MRSA showed resistance against the domestic and imported cefodizime. The in vivo antibacterial activities of domestic and imported cefodizime were similar and remarkable in mice infected with E.coli, K.pneumoniae and S.aureus. CONCLUSION： Domestic and imported cefodizime had excellent and similar antibacterial activity.