颈椎横突孔的解剖学测量及其临床意义

Anatomic Measurement on Transverse Foramen of Cervical Vertebrae and its Clinical Significance

目的：探讨颈椎横突孔形态特点与椎-基底动脉供血不足的关系及为手术减压提供解剖学依据。方法：在25例成年人颈椎标本上，对C1-7，横突孔的前、后壁厚度和矢径及横径进行解剖学测量。结果：C1-2侧横突孔后壁较前壁薄，C3-7同侧横突孔前壁较后壁薄。C1同侧横突孔的矢径大于横径，C2-7同侧横突孔横径大于矢径。结论：颈椎横突孔的大小与椎-基底动脉供血不足有关。颈椎横突孔前、后壁的厚度数据可作为颈椎横突孔切开减压的参考。

Objective ： To explore the relationship between the morphous of cervical foramen and the insufficient blood supply from vertebra-basilar artery, and provide the anatomical data for surgical intervention. Methods：The anatomic measurements, including the thickness of ante- and posterior walls of cervical foramen and the sagittal and transverse diameters of them, were performed on 25 adult specimens. Results：The posterior walls of the transverse foramen in C1-2 were thinner than the anterior. However, the condition was converse in C3-7. The sagittal diameter of transverse foramen in C1 was larger than its transverse diameter, but there were opposite condition in C2-7. Conclusions：There is a close relation between the size of cervical foramen and the blood supply of vertebra-basilar artery. The measurements on the anterior and posterior wall thickness of transverse foramen could be used as a reference for open decompression of cervical foramen.