典籍英译批评与译者主体研究——《前赤壁赋》英译两篇对比分析

Critics on Translation of Chinese Classics into English and A Research on the Translators

典籍英译的研究在不断深入，典籍英译批评却显得相对薄弱，特别是点评式、印象式和随感式的评论方式以及“标准——分析——结论”的规定性批评模式仍然占据主导地位。本文拟对杨宪益和葛瑞汉所译的《前赤壁赋》英译文本进行对比分析，了解译者对归化异化翻译策略的选择，对带有价值判断的批评方式提出质疑，并进一步根据当代翻译研究的发展趋势，提出典籍英译的文本批评应充分考虑译者主体这一重要因素。本文指出，译者的翻译策略选择与文化身份的塑造息息相关，译者通过典籍英译为中外文化交流做出了巨大的努力和贡献，在此基础上建立起描述性的、多元阐释的批评模式有助于促进典籍英译批评的健康发展。

Studies on the translation of Chinese Classics into English have been carried out extensively. However, critical work in this field still lagged behind. In this paper, two versions of the First Visit to the Red Cliff by Yang Xianyi/Gladys Yang and A.C. Graham have been fully studied and the value judgment of the translation strategies of domestication and foreignization has been put into question. With the development of the translation studies, translators come into prominence in the research work, which lend incentives to critical studies in this field. Taking translators into consideration will help us understand more about the devoted efforts made by translators. This study will contribute to establishing the cultural identity and promoting the cultural exchange.