当代中国户籍制度研究——社会影响、改革成就、现实困境及其发展路径

Study on the Household Registration System of Contemporary China——Social Effects,Reform Achievements,and Prospects

户籍制度是当代中国"城乡分策"的核心制度,它的现实影响是,使宪法上"法律面前人人平等"的原则在现实中没有得到实现。城乡居民在社会权利和社会福利方面存在事实上的不平等。改革开放以来,对户籍制度的改革一直在持续地进行,取得了令人瞩目的成就。但是,户籍制度的改革还停留在诱致性的社会变迁阶段,与提速在即的城市化不相适应。政府和社会应该进一步解放思想,推动强制性的、全面的户籍制度变迁。

The Household Registration system is the core of ＂the dual social policies between rural and urban area＂ in contemporary China. One of its important consequences is to have left unacted the Constitutional Principle that everybody is equal. There exist differences in social rights and social welfare between rural and urban citizens. Although the household registration system has constantly been adjusted to some degree, on the whole, the reform is still on the passive-response stage and does not meet the demand of fast urbanization. Both the government and society ought to take more measures to reform the household registration system.