利用人造洪水冲刷黄河内蒙古淤积河道的可能性分析

Possibility of Artificial Flood Scouring Channel Deposits in Inner Mongolia Reach of Yellow River

为了探讨利用人造洪水冲刷黄河内蒙古河段泥沙的可能性,建立了计算黄河三湖河口与头道拐站次洪水输沙量非线性模型。通过洪水计算获得了该河段各级洪水冲刷河道泥沙的最大冲沙量、最优冲沙历时以及相应冲沙效率。计算结果表明:黄河宁蒙段的淤积是河流在特殊的自然地理环境中受水流堆积作用形成的,用龙、刘两库联合调度水量形成的人造洪水冲刷河道淤积泥沙是目前可以采取的清淤手段之一,但耗水量较大,冲刷效果还有待于进一步的检验。

In order to discuss the possibility of washing out channel deposits in Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River by means of man-made flood,a nonlinear model used for calculating silt discharge is established.By the model the maximal sediment discharge,the optimal scoring time and the corresponding washing-out efficiency under different flood levels are obtained.The results show that the sediments in Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River are formed in particular water flowing and depositing environment;one of the available methods for scouring channel deposits at present is using the artificial flood made by synthetically operating the Longyangxia Reservoir and the Liujiaxia Reservoir.But the scouring effect needs further test due to large water consumption.