不同生育时期白三叶与黑麦草的化感作用研究

Study on the allelopathy of white clover and perennial ryegrass in different growth stages

试验用分枝期,开花期和成熟期的白三叶品种海法以及分蘖期,孕穗期和成熟期的2个黑麦草品种顶峰、英斯派的根水浸提液处理,按照培养皿砂培的生物检测方法对白三叶和黑麦草的化感作用进行研究。结果表明:分枝期白三叶根浸体液对顶峰的发芽率具有显著的抑制作用,对顶峰苗长具有极显著抑制作用,抑制率分别为90.72%、48.61%;开花期白三叶根浸提液对顶峰及英斯派的发芽率、英斯派根长及顶峰根干重均具有极显著的抑制作用,抑制率分别为35.14%、36.17%、69.18%、68.34%,对英斯派的根干重具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率为49.52%;成熟期白三叶的根浸提液对3个受体的发芽率及根长均具有极显著的促进作用,分别比对照提高67.09%、54.21%、69.21%及93.08%、93.14%、93.04%,对顶峰的根干重具有极显著的促进作用,与对照相比提高了85.42%;顶峰及英斯派是他感作用大于自毒作用的黑麦草品种,且在分蘖期及孕穗期,黑麦草不同品种的根浸提液都显著的抑制了白三叶的干物重。

The allelopathic effects and mechanism on seed germination and seed growth of perennial ryegrass （＂Pinnacal＂and ＂Inspire＂） and white clover with the aqueous extract of roots in different growth stages was studied through bioassay. The results showed that the aqueous extracts from white clover roots at branching stage inhibited seed germination and seeding length of ＂Pinnacle＂ significantly, the inhibition percentages were 90.72% and 48.61% respectively. The aqueous extract of white clover roots at ilowering stage significantly inhibited the seed germination of ＂Pinnacle＂ and ＂Inspire＂ ,the root length of ＂Inspire＂ and the root dry weight of ＂Pinnaele＂,the inhibition percentages were 35.14% ,36.17% ,69.18% and 68.34% respectively,and it reduced the root dry weight of ＂Inspire＂ bY 49.52%. The aqueous extract of white clover roots at maturing stage increased seed germination and root growth of all three receptor plantsby 67.09%, 54. 21%, 69.21% and 93. 08% ,93.14% ,93.04% respectively. The allelopathie effect of ＂Pinnacle＂ and ＂Inspire＂ was higher than the selfdestructive effect. The aqueous extracts from roots of two ryegrass varieties at the stages of tillering and booting significantly inhibited dry matter yield of white clover.