《宣和奉使高丽图经》与宋代的海外交通

“Xuan He Feng Shi Gao Li Tu Jing” and Overseas Communications in the Song Dynasty

《宣和奉使高丽图经》是徐兢奉使高丽归国后，就其亲身经历，参考有关典籍撰写的。对高丽的历史、地理、风土民情、典章制度以及宋代与高丽的交通航线，造船技术与工艺，如船的结构、特点，柁、碇、帆等的使用，航海技术如指南针的应用，海图的绘制，季风的利用，天气预测等都有详细的记载，是研究朝鲜历史文化及宋代海外交通的珍贵资料。路允迪宣和奉使高丽后，赐妈祖庙号顺济，标志着妈祖从民间地方性神变为朝廷承认的神，确立了妈祖的海神地位。此后，妈祖信仰从福建向南北发展并走向世界。

The work “Xuan He Feng Shi Gao Li Tu Jing”——an introduction to Korea written by a Chinese diplomatic envoy Xu Jing in 1123. It introduces Korea′s history, geography, local conditions and customs, institutions, navigation line between China and Korea and shipbuilding technology in the Song Dynasty, such as the ship′s structure and characteristics, girder, anchor and sail adopted, etc.; the navigation technology, such as employment of compass, drawing of nautical chart, utilization of monsoon and weather forecasting, etc. It is valuable for research on the historical culture of Korea and overseas communications in the Song Dynasty. After Xu Jing returned from Korea, the Emperor granted the Mazu Temple an alternative name “Shun Ji”, which marked that the government recognized Mazu and established Mazu′s position from a local folk goddess up to a sea goddess. However, Mazu belief has moved from South China to North China and even to the world from Fujian Province, China.