恪守与倾斜——论老舍1930年代的文学观念

On the Literary Conception of Lao She in the 1930s

1930年代,老舍在文学创作上,呈现出向左翼功利性文学观念倾斜和对原有启蒙文学观念恪守的双重特点。一方面,老舍将艺术视野收回到严肃的现实,从政治、经济、社会制度等角度批判现实,颂扬革命,从而增强了其作品的时代性。另一方面,老舍并没有忽视文学的审美特质,仍然注重对艺术规律的强调,坚持国民性批判的启蒙文学主题。这样,老舍在早期文化批判的基础上进一步加强了社会批判的力度,从而使社会批判和文化批判有机地结合在一起,其创作逐渐走向成熟。

In the thirties of the 20th century, Lao She＇s writing took on dual characteristics of inclining to Literary Conception of the League of Leftist Writers and scrupulously abiding by the literary conception of enlightenment. One side, Lao She made reality as his artistic object, animadverted reality and resounded revolution from the angles of politics, economy and social system etc. Thus the spirit of times in his works was enhanced greatly. On the other side, Lao She didn＇t neglect aesthetic essence of literature. He insisted on art regulation and the enlightenment literary topic of animadverting national character. Then Lao She strengthened social animadversion on the base of early cultural animadversion. Consequently, he hung social animadversion and cultural animadversion together harmoniously, and his literary creation became mature gradually.