草莓苗圃主要昆虫种群动态监测

Monitoring of population dynamics of main insects in strawberry nursery

在草莓(Fragaria ananassa Duch.)苗圃采用黄色粘虫板和随机抽样法系统调查方法了解主要昆虫种群的季节性动态,监测到的昆虫种群动态有单一的前峰型、中峰型及后峰型、双峰型和三峰型等5种季节性动态格局。主要害虫烟粉虱Bemisia tabacci表现为三峰型、外来入侵生物西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis为双峰型、桃蚜Aphis persicae则为后峰型。同一露地植株上的主要害虫烟粉虱数量动态与其黄色粘虫板上的数量有很好的一致性。露地和网室内草莓植株上的害虫组成上有较大的差异,前者有较高数量的烟粉虱,后者则有较高数量的桃蚜。网室环境似乎更有利于蜘蛛类天敌的增长。

Sticky yellow boards together with randomly strawberry plant sampling method were used to investigate the seasonal population dynamics of the main insect herbivores, predators, parasitoids and detritivores in an open and a plastic screenhouse strawberry （ Fragaria ananassa Duch. ） nttrsery fields. The population dynamics of the herbivorous insects could be classified as 5 patterns： mono-peak panem in early, middle and late-season respectively, di-peak pattern in early and lateseason, and tri-peak pattern in early, middle and late season. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadins） had a typical tripeak pattern, the western flower tlirips Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande showed as a typical di-peak pattern while the green peach aphid Myzus persicae （Sulzer） as mono-late-peak pattern. The population dynamics patterns monitored by the sticky board were consistent with that by plant sampling. There was an obvious difference in predominant herbivores on strawberry plants in the open and screenhouse nttrsery fields. The former was B. tabaci, the latter was M. persicae. Greenhouse seemed to be the better environment for predatory spiders＇ population growth.