经支气管镜球囊扩张术在良性气管支气管狭窄治疗中的应用

Balloon dilatation using flexible bronchoscopy for the management of benign tracheobronchial stenosis

目的观察经支气管镜球囊扩张术治疗良性气管支气管狭窄的疗效和安全性。方法气管内局麻下对14例良性气管支气管狭窄患者施行支气管镜直视下球囊扩张术，分别于术前和术后随访中测定狭窄段气道口径，进行气促指数评分及肺功能检查，评价并发症的发生情况。结果14例患者分别接受球囊扩张治疗1～5次，近期有效率100％；狭窄段气道口径从（4．14±2．09）mm增大至（9．54±2．06）mm（P〈0．01），气促指数评分从2．07±0．82降低至0．74±0．49；未见严重并发症发生。结论经支气管镜球囊扩张术是一项有效、安全、简便的治疗良性气管支气管狭窄的方法。

[ Objective] To observe the efficacy and safety of balloon dilatation using a flexible bronchoscope in the management of benign tracheobronchial stenosis （TBS）. [ Methods ] 14 patients with TBS underwent balloon dilation through flexible bronchoscopy under topical anesthesia. Airway diameters, dyspnea index and complications were evaluated in all patients and lung function studies were tested before and after management. [ Results ] One to five sessions were required to achieve satisfactory dilatation. The recent effect was 100%. After balloon dilation, airway average diameter increased from （4.14 ±2.09）mm to （9.54 ±2.06）mm . Dyspnea index decreased from 2.07 ±0.82 to 0.74 ±0.49 . No severe complication was found in all patients. [ Conclusion] Flexible bronchoscope balloon dilatation is an efficient, safe, simple and rapid method for treatment of benign TBS.