兰州市高校校园绿地群落物种组成及多样性分析

Analysis of Species Composition and Diversity of Campus Greenland Communities in Lanzhou

初步尝试采用天然群落样带调查法对兰州市几所具有代表性高校校园绿地群落进行调查,分析其物种组成、重要值及多样性等特征,为城市生态学研究及校园绿化建设提供理论根据。调查结果表明:5所院校绿化树种中被子植物种类数量均占绝对优势,裸子植物偏少,以蔷薇科、杨柳科、蝶形花科植物为主,显示出北方地域植被的特点;除甘肃农业大学外,其它4所院校绿化树种中的乡土种比例均高于栽培和外来种;甘肃省委党校校园物种种类丰富,均匀度指数较大,多样性较高;其它4所院校绿地群落多样性水平均不高。5所院校校园乔木层、灌木层Shannon-Weiner指数(H’)和Simpon指数的统计结果基本一致。

In order to research the species composition, importance value, species diversity, and other characteristics of afforest community on campus in Lanzhou, the sample belt method of natural community was adopted to carry on this expletory research at 5 representative campuses of Lanzhou. The research results showed as follow： among the species of trees at 5 representative universities, angiosperm takes a greater part in variety, gymnosperms are relatively less. The plants mainly belong to Rosaceae, Salicaceae and Papilionaceae, which manifest the vegetation characteristics of northern area in our country： Except for Gansu Agriculture University, the native trees proportions are much higher than exotic and cultivated trees at the other 4 universities. The plant species is the richest the evenness is the biggest and the diversity is the highest at the Chinese Communist party College of Gansu Province. The species diversity of the afforest communities at the other 4 university is relatively not so high. The arbor and shrub layers statistics data showed that the shannon-weiner index （H） and simpon index （D） are basically consistent at the 5 universities.