大豆茎组织解剖性状与耐阴性的关系

THE RELATION BETWEEN THE STEM ANATOMY CHARACTERS AND SHADE-ENDURAUCE OF SOYBEEAN

本文对8个不同耐阴级别的大豆品种,在相同的栽培措施下单作与间作,于鼓粒初期进行茎横切片,观察分析了茎解剖性状与抗倒性及大豆耐阴性的关系。结果表明:韧皮纤维的韧性和木质部厚度比茎粗对倒伏性的影响更大;韧皮纤维的坚韧性好,木质部厚,抗倒伏性强,品种耐阴性也好。髓和茎横切面的面积比值大小是影响倒伏的重要因素。大豆耐阴品种的茎解剖学特点是:表皮和皮层较厚,厚角组织发达,具有棕色表皮毛;韧皮纤维和木质部较厚;维管束和导管数目多;髓面积小,横切面积大;以上解剖结构间作后变异不大。

This paper dealed with 8 different grade of shade-endurance of soybean varieties,monoculture and undersowing at the same planting condition. The stem is made transection at the primary period of the seed development. The relation between the anatomical characters of stem and lodging-resistant, shade-endurance was analysed. The results are that on lodging-resistant the tenacity of phloem fiber and the thickness of xylem are latter than the thickness of the stem, when the tenacity of phloem fibers are strong,the xylem is thick, and the variety is also strong at lodging-resistant and good at shade-endurance. The area ratio between the transection of pith and whole stern is an important factor on lodging-resistant.The stem anatomical characters of the shade-endurance variety of soybean are that the epidermis and cortex are thicker, collenehyma is flourishing, epidermis ha.tr is brown in colour, phloem fiber and .xylem are thicker,the number of vascular and trachea are larger, the transection area of pith is smaller and the whole stem bigger. The anatomical structure presented no significant,difference