ELISA法检测抗-HIV微弱显色样本再处理的探讨

Reassessing of samples with weak coloration by anti-HIV with ELISA

目的为了保证抗-HIV检测结果的可靠性，最大限度地防止漏检。有效预防HIV引起的医源性感染和医疗纠纷的发生。方法对ELISA法检测抗-HIV时出现微弱显色，OD值在CO值的70％以内，且明显高于所有受检样本OD值均值的样本，进行再检测或间隔1～2d后重抽标本复查。结果在656例再检测样本中，重抽标本复查后，需送HIV抗体检测确证实验室进行确证试验的样本31例，其中有2例间隔2d后重抽标本进行复查时，0D值明显增高并超过CO值（S／CO〉1）。31例样本进行确证试验，结果有29％（9／31）为抗-HIV可疑。间隔3个月后复查，有4例复查结果转为阴性；2例复查结果转为阳性，再确证试验结果也为阳性；1例复查和确证结果仍为可疑；2例因无法联络到患者，所以没有进行复查。结论为了提高抗-HIV的检出率，最大限度地防止漏检，有效预防HIV引起的医源性感染和医疗纠纷的发生，对ELISA法检测抗-HIV时出现微弱显色的样本进行再检测是非常必要的。

Objective To increase the reliability and avoid possible pseudo negative results of HIV test. Methods The blood serum samples which were weakly stained by anti-HIV with ELISA, with their OD value lowering than 700/60 of CO value but obviously higher than the average value of all samples tested at the same time, were retested. Or the blood samples of the suspicious patients were obtained again 1-2 days later and tested for HIV once more. Results Thirty-one samples among retested 656 samples had to be sent for further identifying by the HIV authenticate lab. The OD values of 2 samples obtained from the undetermined patients 2 days after the first test were remarkably increased and were higher than CO value（S/CO〉1）. Nine samples among the 31 samples（29%） were possible HIV positive identified by the HIV authenticate lab. HIV tests were made again 3 months later. Anti-HIV test was negative in 4 patients, positive in 2 patients, still undetermined in 1 patient, and not available in 2 patients because they could not be informed. Conclusion The reassessing of samples with weak coloration by anti-HIV with ELISA is necessary in order to identify HIV infected patients more accurately.