语序的认知分析

A Cognitive Analysis of Word Order

从常态值语义格关系和目标物与参照物的认知角度,讨论汉语英语小句语序的原型和变体现象,指出了表层句法格与深层语义格常态值的关系和语义格的角色类型的关系,说明潜存于小句语序构造的目标物与参照物的参与者框架的异同,以及变异所引起的语序调动现象,分析和描述原型语序及其变体、语义格与小句里的语序灵活性和固定性的关系,以及汉语的一些所谓的无理构造的认知理据,从认知语境的角度分析语序在语法手段和修辞手段方面的兼容性。

The paper looks into a phenomenon of prototypical and pragmatic word order in Chinese and English language from the perspective of default value semantic case relations and figure/ground participants. First, it examines the relations between the surface syntactic cases and default value semantic cases in the deep structure, as well as the role archetypes implied in semantic cases. Second, it discusses the figure/ground frame of partici- pants that underlies the word order structure of a clause, as well as the distribution of semantic cases in the prototypical word order and its instantiations. Third, it analyzes the word order flexibility and inflexibility in clause, as well as the cognitive motivation of certain illogical structures of Chinese expressions. Fourth, it looks at the compatibility of word order as grammar device and rhetoric device.