“气”与中国乡村集体行动的再生产

"Qi" and the Reproduction of Collective Action in China’s Rural Areas

本文认为当代中国乡村集体行动再生产的基础并非利益或理性,而是伦理。这种伦理在中国文化中有其独特的概念:"气"。本文着重从农民与基层政府的互动角度分析了"气"在乡村集体行动再生产过程中的作用机制,指出基层政府对行动精英惯有的强力打压引发了反弹,使农民的抗争变成了为获得人格尊严和底线承认的殊死斗争。本文认为应该把"承认的政治学"提高到与"团结的政治学"并重的高度,并对如何纾解集体行动中的"气"、减少群体性事件的发生提出了一些对策建议。

This author maintains that what lies at the heart of collective action in rural areas in China is not benefit or reason, but morale which is unique in Chinese culture and best represented by the term ＂qi＂（viatal force）. In the interaction between farmers and local administrations, the ready resort to force by the grass-root government in suppressing farmer activists is counteractive and stimulates farmer fight to death for their dignity and basic right recognition. This article provides some countermeasures for the administrations to ease the ＂qi＂ in collective actions and keep group events under control.