社区健康教育干预弓形虫感染效果的初步研究

Primary Study on Intervention Effect of Toxoplasma gondii Infection by Community Health Education

目的对社区居民弓形虫卫生知识态度和行为及感染现状进行基线调查,为进一步开展健康教育干预措施提供依据。方法采用ELIAS方法测定弓形虫抗体水平,了解人群感染状况,同时进行弓形虫病知识、形态、行为等方面的问卷调查。结果1960名社区居民血标本中弓形虫抗体感染率为8.01%,其中不同职业弓形虫感染有显著差别,农民、工人和无业人员感染率高于干部、技术人员和教师(P<0.01)。有动物接触史者弓形虫感染明确高于无动物接触者(P<0.01),90.63%的社区居民不了解弓形虫病的危害及预防措施,83.33%的社区卫生服务工作者不能正确应答弓形虫感染方式和防治措施。结论目前社区居民普遍缺乏弓形虫病感染及预防知识,不同人群的感染机率较大,因此有必要加大健康教育干预的力度,以减轻人群感染率。

Objective In order to provide basis for further development of the health education intervention, we did a baseline study on toxoplasmosis knowledge, behavior and current status of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the community residents. Method Blood samples were collected for the detection of T.gondii antibody level by ELISA. Simultaneously questionnaire survey was carried out to test the toxoplasmosis knowledge, and the behavior of the residents. Result Among 1960 residents, 8.01% is sero positive. People with different profession showed a significant difference in T.gondii infection. Farmers, workers and unemployed people have a higher infection rate than officers, technicians and teachers （P〈0.01）. People have contact with animals with a higher infection rate than those have no contact with animals （P〈0.01）. 90.63% of the residents do not know the risk of toxoplasmosis and the way of prevention. 83.33% of the community health workers cannot answer how toxoplasmosis is transmitted and the prevention and control measures. Conclusion The community inhabitants generally lack of the knowledge about the prevention and control measures of toxoplasmosis, which may lead to an increase in Toxoplasma gondii infection. Therefore it is necessary to improve the health education to reduce the transmission of toxoplasmosis.