中国植物区系研究文献中存在的几个问题

Some Problems in References on Floristic Studies in China

自吴征镒发表"中国种子植物属的分布区类型"以后,以该文件为标准,中国地区性(地方性)植物区系的研究报告、论文已海量发表。一些文献中出现了概念的误用和分析方法上的错误。目前存在的主要问题是:1在做种分布区类型(地理成分)分析时,直接套用属分布区类型作为该属内各个种的分布区类型;2用属的分布区类型组成(谱)中各类型所占百分比的类似性(聚类)来决定各地区间植物区系的亲缘。根据植物区系学理论,属的分布区是该属内所有物种的分布区的集合,除单种属外,不能直接套用属分布区类型作为该属内各个种的分布区类型;亲缘关系疏远的不同植物属可以有同样的分布区类型,若把不同地区植物区系各地理成分的比例关系的类似性解读成各地区间植物区系的亲缘关系,显然是不适合的。地区植物区系之间的亲缘关系通常是由它们共有的植物科、属、种相似性系数,特别是共特有分类群相似系数来反映的。

Regional floras in China have been broadly studied since Z. Y. Wu documented distribution types of Chinese seed plants at genetic level. A huge number of papers on regional floras have been published, Two main misuses on data analysis were recognized from some articles of the florisfic studies： 1 Distribution types at specific level were obtained by directly copying the generic areal-types that species belong to; 2 Floristic affinities were concluded by the similarities of composition of areal-types of compared regional floras, Here we clarify that areal-type of a genus is defined by concluding distributions of all species in the genus, therefore specific distribution types are not the same as their genetic areal-types except monotypic genera, Similarities of composition of areal-types between compared regional floras do not necessarily represent their floristic similarities because the same generic areal-type can be composed by different genera from different plant famihes. Floristic affinity cotdd be concluded by resemblance coefficients of species, genera and families, especially those of endemic ones common to these regions, between the compared regional floras.