公路隧道行车及横通道间距的研究

Study on spacing between vehicles and passages of road tunnel

以雪峰山隧道为工程实例,为避免隧道火灾时车辆间的引燃,根据公路隧道火灾特点,利用辐射传热原理,对车辆间的火灾蔓延进行分析,同时为确保隧道火灾时人员安全疏散,利用火灾模拟软件FDS4.0及隧道疏散模拟软件Tunev,分别计算和比较了4种典型火灾场景在不同横通道间距情况下的危险时间及包含人员疏散行为特征的疏散时间,并分析其经济性。结果表明:火区上游客车最小引燃间距为1 m,油灌车最小引燃间距为5 m,隧道内安全行车间距应大于65 m;雪峰山隧道的最佳横通道间距为270 m。该结论可为公路隧道消防系统的设计、紧急疏散方案和引导指挥体系的建立提供理论依据。

Using Xuefeng tunnel as an object example, fire spreading to other vehicles was analyzed by radiation theory according to the fire characteristic of road tunnel for avoiding fire spreading between vehicles, Meanwhile, the typical natural evacuation process in four typical fire scenarios was analyzed, the danger times in the four fire scenes with different passage spacing and evacuation time combined with characteristic of people＇s evacuation behavior were calculated separately with f＇me simulation software FDS4,0 and tunnel evacuation software Tunev, its economical efficiency was also analyzed. The results show that the least safety spacing of traveling is 65 m, the least separation distance of carriage is 1m and tank truck is 5 m at smoke removal ventilation speed upstream the fire, and the optimum passage spacing is 270 m, These results will provide theory gist for tunnel fire fighting design, the establishment of evacuation direction system and emergency scheme.