磁流变弹性体自调谐式吸振器及其优化控制

Adaptive Tuned Vibration Absorber Based on Magnetorheological Elastomers and its Optimal Control

本文研制了一种基于磁流变弹性体的自调谐式吸振器,它利用磁流变弹性体这种新型智能材料作为吸振器的弹性元件和阻尼元件,通过外加磁场控制磁流变弹性体的剪切模量来改变吸振器的固有频率,实现吸振器的移频。并将遗传算法改进移植到吸振器,对其进行优化控制。实验结果表明,这种遗传算法具有全局搜索和快速收敛的特点,它能使吸振器快速找到吸振器减振效果最佳点,并且经过优化控制的磁流变弹性体自调谐式吸振器在移频范围内具有很好的减振效果,减振效果最高可达25dB。

A king of adaptive tuned vibration absorber （ATVA） based on magnetorheological elastomers （MRE） is presented. MRE has controllable shear modulus when it is exposed to an external magnetic field. It is used as a controllable elastic and damping element here. When the applied current is changed, the magnetic field through MRE will change, then the resonance frequency of the ATVA will shift. In order to control this kind of shift optimally, the genetic algorithms is improved, and migrated into the ATVA. Experiment results show that this kind of genetic algorithms has characteristics of global search and rapid convergence. It makes ATVA to find the best working ability quickly. Furthermore, the developed ATVA has good vibration absorption capacity in whole working frequency scale; When the mass ratio between ATVA and primary system is 5：8, its best attenuation can reach 25dB.