应用BED—CEIA方法估算重庆市静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染的发病率

Application of BED-CEIA to estimate the human immunodeficiency virus prevalence among injecting drug users in Chongqing municipality

目的检测重庆市静脉吸毒人群中艾滋病病毒(HIV)新近感染状况并计算HIV发病率。方法收集重庆市两个监测哨点自1999—2006年以来的监测样本共计4711份,通过酶联免疫和蛋白印迹实验检测出HIV-1感染的样本,再应用Ig-G-捕获HIV-1 BED-发病率酶联方法(BED- CEIA),检测其中的新近感染样本,进而估算该人群的HIV-1发病率。结果共检出HIV-1阳性样品130份。哨点A 2001—2005年HIV感染率分别为0.73%、2.02%、1.54%、2.96%、2.80%,发病率分别为0.57%、0.93%、0、1.24%、1.68%;哨点B 2004—2006年HIV感染率分别为4.21%、9.96%、8.13%,发病率分别为0.95%、1.04%、0.90%。虽然两个哨点在发病率方面都有起伏,但差异无统计学意义,感染率与发病率变化趋势一致。结论目前在重庆市监测哨点发现的HIV感染者大部分为既往感染者,发病率维持在较稳定的范围。

Objective To estimate the human immunodeficiency virus （HIV-1） prevalence of injecting drug users（IDUs） in Chongqing city. Methods To apply BED-capture enzyme immunoassay （CEIA） which was based on the principle of HIV-antibody varies as the disease progress, in order to estimate both the HIV incidence and prevalence of IDUs from two IDUs surveillance sites in Chongqing. Results During the research period, 4711 serum samples were tested by ELISA and 130 were HIV-1 positive, confirmed by Western blot. The prevalence of IDUs surveillance site A from 1999 to 2006 were 0.73% , 2.02% ,1.54% ,2.96% and 2.80% , and the incidence rates were 0.57% , 0.93% , 0,1.24% and 1.68% respectively. The prevalence of IDUs surveillance site B appeared to be 4.21%, 9.96%, 8.13%, and the incidence rates were 0.95%, 1.04% and 0.90% respectively, from 2004 to 2006. Conclusion Many of the IDUs HIV carriers in Chongqing had been infected for long time, and the incidence rates among them were steady, keeping at the same level for 1-2 years. Promotion on intervention for IDUs had produced certain effects but more attention still needs to be paid.