精神分裂症门诊患者抗精神病药物治疗的现况调查

Present survey on antipsychotic medications in the outpatients with schizophrenia

目的了解国内精神分裂症门诊患者抗精神病药物治疗的现况。方法按一定的抽样比例,选择10个省市46家专科医院或综合医院精神科,对1969例精神分裂症门诊患者同时进行药物治疗情况的调查。结果1)75.7%(1490/1969)的患者为单一用药,468例(23.8%)为联合用药,11例(0.6%)患者未接受抗精神病药物治疗。2)单用非典型抗精神病药物者家庭收入高、合并使用抗胆碱能药物比例较低(13.6%);单用长效制剂者的年龄大、病程长、合并使用抗胆碱能药物比例较高(50.0%)。3)不同治疗组的病情严重程度无显著差异,但单一用药者疗效指数高于联合用药者。4)影响不同治疗选择的因素包括患者的年龄、病程、家庭收入及症状表现。结论我国精神分裂症门诊患者多为单一用药,且以非典型抗精神病药为主;单一治疗较联合治疗的疗效指数高。

Objective To evaluate the use patterns of antipsychotic medications in treating outpatients with schizophrenia. Methods With the same sampling ratio, 46 hospitals from 10 provinces and cities were surveyed during 20th-24th, May, 2002, using the retested and revised self-made questionnaire. Results The total number of sample was 1969. 1490（75.7%）cases were treated with mono-pharmacy. 468 （23.8 %）cases were treated with poly-pharmacy. Factors affecting use patterns of antipsychotics were the age, duration of illness, income of family and clinical features of patients. Mono-pharmacy with antipsychotic drugs had a more positive effect on the treatment index （efficacy/side effects） in comparison with poly-pharmacological treatment. Conclusions Mono-therapy is the major patterns for treating outpatients with schizophrenia in China. Mono-pharmacological treatment can be assumed to be more positive effect on the treatment index （efficacy/side effects） than poly-pharmacological treatment.