确定昆虫病毒田间衰减和施用剂量的定量方程

QUANTITATIVE EQUATIONS TO DETERMINE FIELD DECAY AND APPLICATION DOSAGE OF INSECT VIRUS

昆虫病毒在田间随时间的衰减过程为单调下降型，可用指数方程描述这种衰减。灵敏度分析显示，若日光强度大，则其照射时间是决定衰减量的主要因子；反之，日光强度是病毒衰减的主要因子。基于该方程以及昆虫的死亡－剂量反应关系，导出了昆虫病毒田间施用量的计算方程，其中包含日光强度、作物允许受害水平、病毒毒力和对日光的抵抗力、昆虫为害力、种群数量、亩株数、单株叶面积等因子。参数分析证明了该方程的合理性，同时，对斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒的田间施用量进行计算分析，结果与大田表现一致，为利用昆虫病毒防治害虫提供了一种新型的定量标准。

The decay process of insect virus in the field as the increase of time is the continuous decline type, and can be described with the exponential equation. Sensitivity analysis showed that as the increase of sunlight intensity its duration becomes the predominant factor to affect the virus decay, otherwise the sunlight intensity is the predominant ones. Based on the equation and insect mortality virus dosage relationship, a kind of quantitative equations to determine the application dosage of insect virus were developed. It includes such factors as sunlight intensity, permitted injury level of crops, virulence and sunlight resistance of virus, and insect population, etc. Parameter analysis has proven the validity of the equations. The application dosage of Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus was calculated using the equations and showed a good fitness with the field experiment.