高粱抗旱性状的变异系数与杂种优势

A Study on the Coefficient of Variation and Heterosis of Drought Resistant Characters in Sorghum

对6个杂交种及其相应亲本在水地、旱地两种环境条件下9个性状的变异系数和杂种优势进行了统计分析。变异系数旱地变幅较大，表现在二级技梗数的变异上，水地变异幅度相差2．3倍，而旱地变异幅度则相差4．4倍。在杂种优势的表现上，水地明显超过旱地，这说明培育高产抗旱杂交种的难度所在。从而提出在旱地育种上，在注意提高茎叶重的前提下，直接选择二、三级枝梗数多的材料，有可能培育出抗旱和杂种优势强的杂交种。

Six sorghum hybrids and their parents were used to study the coefficient of variation (C.V) and heterosis of 9 characters in irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. The results indicated that the C. V of the characters,especially the secondary branches of panicle were much more changable in non-irrigated condition than in irrigated condition. The heterosis of the characters under irrigated condition was greater than that under non-irrigated condition. The results a1so suggested that the emphasis of sorghum breeding for drought resistance should be placed on the selection of secondary and third branches.