等离子熔覆镍基合金的组织及其冲蚀磨损性能

Microstructure and erosive wear properties of Ni-based alloy coating produced by plasma cladding

为提高不锈钢材料的耐冲蚀磨损性能,以Ni46合金粉末为原料,采用等离子熔覆工艺在不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上制备镍基合金涂层,分析了熔覆层的显微组织以及物相形貌和相结构等,测定了涂层的显微硬度.使用旋转圆盘实验机研究了Ni基等离子熔覆合金涂层在砂浆中的冲蚀行为.结果表明:材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本力学性能的限制,高硬度镍基涂层的抗冲蚀性能最好,在相同实验条件下其磨损率由小到大排列顺序为镍基涂层>0Cr13Ni5Mo>1Cr18Ni9Ti;镍合金层中奥氏体基体的固溶强化和硬质相有效抵御砂砾的冲击,是Ni基等离子熔覆合金层具有高抗冲蚀性能的主要原因.

Using Ni46 alloy powder as the raw material, the erosive wear resistance of stainless steel was improved with Ni-based alloy coating onto the stainless steel by plasma cladding. The coating＇s microstructure was studied and its microhardness was measured using an HVS1000 micro-hardness tester. The erosive wear resistance of the coating in a slurry erosion tester was investigated. The results show that the mechanical properties of metal materials influenced their erosive wear resistance： the larger the hardness value of the material is, the better the anti erosive wear properties are. On the same experimental condition, the erosive wear rates of the materials follow this rule： Ni-based coating 〉 0Cr13Ni5Mo 〉 1Cr18Ni9Ti. The improvement in erosion resistance can be attributed to the solution strengthening of γ-Ni matrix and the presence of large amounts of borides and carbides which withstood the impingement of slurry erosion.