赣南小流域地表水化学特性研究

Hydrochemistry of Small Catchment in the South of Jiangxi Province

赣江上游水体的化学组成代表了典型的硅酸盐岩地区河流的相应化学组成，其水文化学特征与碳酸盐岩区河流及世界主要河流显示一定的差异性．河水溶质浓度比较高，化学组成在不同的采样区存在一定的差异，盐矿区影响下的河水中以Na^＋和Cl^-为主，其次为HCO3^-．其余的多数采样区Na^＋、Ca^2＋和HCO3^-富集，Mg^2＋含量很低，低于阳离子总量的10％，与碳酸盐区几乎不含Si的水化学特性相比，该区Si含量较高，占阴离子总量的10％-20％．这表明硅酸盐和蒸发盐风化对不同采样区河水化学组成的贡献很大．同时该区一些主要元素（S、Mg、Cl^-、SO4^2-）与稀土元素存在明显的相关性，可以推断农业活动、矿床淋溶和尾矿渗漏对水体化学组成有一定的影响．

The chemical composition of the upriver water of the Gan River is quite different from that of the rivers in the carbonate rock areas and the major rivers of the global, which represents the character of the river water from the typical silicate rock areas. The total dissolved solid concentrations are high and their chemical composition is different in each sample area. In the salt diggings, Na~ and C1- are the dominant elements, the following is HCO3^- . In the other areas, however, Na^＋,Ca^2＋ and HCO3^- are enriched. Mg^2＋ accounts for less than 10% of the total cations. Compared with the carbonate rock areas containing little Si, the content of Si is higher in this area, and accounts for 10% - 20% of the total anions. Accordingly, the silicate and evaporate weathering contribute much to the chemical composition of the water. Agricultural activity and mining practice affect the chemical composition of the river eater simultaneously.