滇藏铁路重大工程地质问题及线路走向研究

Research on the Major Engineering Geological Problems and Route Strike Scheme of Yunnan-Tibet Railway

研究目的:在复杂地质山区条件下,选择滇藏铁路线路走向方案。研究方法:基于对滇藏铁路重大工程地质问题的研究与认识,首先采用地质选线方法初选线路走向,然后再结合线路技术条件、经济据点与吸引范围、国土资源开发等方面综合论证比选最佳线路方案。研究结论:滇藏铁路地处我国西南部新构造运动最强烈地区,沿线地质灾害突出,主要有活动断裂与地震、高地应力、地温(热)、有害气体、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、冰川、雪崩、岩溶、软土、冻土、膨胀岩(土)、冰碛层、风沙、砂土液化、放射性等工程地质问题,可谓"世界地质博物馆"。滇藏铁路的工程地质条件远比已建成的宝成、成昆、南昆、青藏铁路更为复杂,生态环境更为脆弱,工程更为艰巨,勘察设计与施工的难度更大,堪称"世界铁路艰险工程之最"。滇藏铁路的线路走向,建议采用"大理-丽江-德钦-林芝-郎县-拉萨"方案,建设时序可先建东、西两段,后建中段,以缓解国家一次投入巨大工程投资的负担。

Research purposes： To select the railway mountainous area with complex geological conditions. route strike scheme for the Yunnan -Tibet Railway in the Research methods： Based on the study and understanding of the major engineering geological problems of the Yunnan - Tibet Railway, firstly the geological route selection method is adopted to confirm the preliminary route strike. Afterward, comprehensive argumentation and selection will be carried out by combining the technical conditions, important economic locations and its catchement areas, development of natural resource etc. to select the best route scheme. Research conclusions ： The Yunnan - Tibet Railway is located in the area of the most intensive new tectonic movement in Southwest China, where geological hazards are active along the Line. The major engineering geological problems include active faults and earthquake, high stress, earth heat （geothermy）, hazardous gas, collapse, landslide, mudflow, glacial action, snowslide, karst, soft soil, frozen soil, swelling rock （soil） , drift sheet, sand storm, sand soil liquefaction, radioactivity etc. , and therefore the area may be called ＂The World Geological Museum＂. Compared to the completed Baoji - Chengdu Railway, Chengdu - Kunming Railway, Nanning - Kunming Railway and Qinghai - Tibet Railway, the Yunnan -Tibet Railway will be of far more complex engineering geological conditions, far more difficult in reconnaissance, design and construction; therefore, it is named ＂The Toughest Railway Project Worldwide＂. To solve the problem of the route strike of the Yunnan - Tibet Railway, the ＂Dali - Lijiang - Deqin - Linzhi - Langxian - Lhasa＂ scheme is recommended. As for the construction time sequence, the east and west sections will be constructed before the middle section, so as to reduce the state＇s heavy burden on investment in the project.