恩施州主要冬季牧草及饲料矿质元素含量比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Mineral Elements Content in Main Winter Forages and Feeds in Enshi State

[目的]为了研究牧草的矿质元素含量,旨在提高恩施地区牧草的品质和家畜营养的平衡供给。[方法]通过石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定恩施州14种新鲜牧草和干贮牧草中Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mo、Se 7种矿质元素的含量。[结果]新鲜牧草和青贮饲料矿质元素的平均含量比干贮牧草(或饲料)略低。在新鲜牧草和青贮饲料中紫花苜蓿、白三叶、红三叶品质较好,在干贮牧草中干萝卜叶和氨化稻草品质较好。[结论]紫花苜蓿产量高、耐寒能力较强,对恩施州的环境条件适应力强。该地区在发展冬季新鲜牧草时应优先种植紫花苜蓿。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the contents of mineral elements in forages so as to increase the forage quality in Enshi area and balance supporting of livestock nutrient. [Method] The contents of 7 kinds of mineral elements as Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo and Se in 14 kinds of fresh forages and desiccated forages in Enshi area were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. [Result] The average mineral content in fresh forages and silage feeds was slightly lower than that of desiccated forage （feed）. The quality of alfalfa, white clover and red clover were better among fresh forages and silage feeds and that of dry radish leaves and ammoniated rice straw were better among desiccated forages. [Conclusion] Alfalfa had high yield, stronger cold resistance and strong adaptability to the. environmental conditions in Enshi state. Alfalfa should be preferential to be planted when winter fresh forages were developed in this area.