空间电融合的烟草原生质体再生植株分析

Analysis of Tobacco Regeneration Plants from the Protoplasts Produced by Electofusion in Space

报告了在"神舟四号"飞船中通过电融合获得的烟草融合细胞,经地面培养获得再生植株。空间飞行样品再生愈伤组织的频率为地面对照的3倍多,而植株再生频率却比地面对照约低20%,约有32%的再生植株可能具有杂种性状。选取叶形状变化最为明显的H23号植株与黄花品种进行回交,回交一代的叶比原始材料宽,花的颜色与亲本黄花品种相同,表明空间微重力环境中融合的烟草原生质体能够再生植株,获得有繁殖能力的杂种。

Vacuolated mesophyll protoplasts of Nicotiana rustica L. were electrically fused with evacuolated protoplasts of the same genus （N. tabacum cv. ‘Gexin No. 1＇） during a 7-day space flight in the Chinese spacecraft “SZ-4”. The initial cell division leading to micro-callus formation took place after landing （Fig. 1）. Higher plating efficien- cies were observed in the flight samples than the control culture, but the frequency of plantlets re- generation reduced by about 20% of the control （Table 1）. The hybrid characters were tested by chromosome counting, isozyme analysis and com- parison of morphological characteristics （Figs. 2- 4）. About 32% of the regenerates showed hybrid character. Leaf morphological modifications werefound in 3 hybrids, i.e., H23, H25 and H27. After backcrossing with N. rustica, alterations in flower color and leaf shape occurred in the somatic hy- brid H23 （Fig.5）. These results demonstrate that the hybrids formed under microgravity condition could regenerate fertile plants.