情景游戏对住院儿童操作性疼痛和检查依从性的影响

Effect of play therapy on invasive procedure pain and clinical compliance of hospitalized children

目的研究情景游戏对住院患儿静脉穿刺疼痛、静脉套管留置时间及辅助检查依从性的影响。方法选择符合入选标准的住院患儿分为观察组(51例)和对照组(50例)。对照组给予儿科常规护理;观察组在儿科常规护理基础上融入情景游戏。分别在入院首日、有创操作前及首次检查前,由研究者将患儿及其家属带至情景游戏室,让患儿在模拟情景与游戏中熟悉并理解相关检查与操作,过程中鼓励患儿和家属参与。采用Wang-Baker笑脸量表和FLACC量表分别评估两组患儿在静脉穿刺时的疼痛评分,计算两组患儿留置针保留的时间(以小时计);观察患儿在静脉穿刺过程中的依从性及住院过程中所有检查项目的一次成功率(如B超、心电图、CT等)。结果观察组患儿在静脉穿刺性疼痛、静脉套管保留时间、操作依从性和辅助检查一次性成功率上均显著优于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论情景游戏可降低患儿操作性疼痛,延长静脉留置时间,提高辅助检查的依从性和成功率。

Objective To investigate the effect of play therapy on invasive procedure pain and clinical compliance of medical examination of hospitalized children, Methods One hundred and one hospitalized children were randomly divided into experimental group （n=51） and control group （n=50）, Control group received routine nursing care, while experimental group were involved in play therapy before invasive procedures and first diagnostic examination procedure besides routine care, Parents were encouraged to join the play process, FLACC scale and Wang-Baker face scale were used to assess children＇s pain level during injection, The retain period of intravenous catheter and the compliance of medical examination was also observed in two groups. Results Play therapy in experimental group could reduce the pain of injection, prolong the retention time of intravenous catheter and improve the compliance of medical examine with significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Play therapy is a good approach to relieve the invasive procedure with pain and improve the clinical compliance of hospitalized children.