国家级自然保护区“一区一法”立法模式的理论分析

The Theoretic Analysis on the Legislative Model of "One Area,One Law" in National Nature Reserve

"立法"作为现代法制的三个环节之一,既是其起点,也是其基础。目前,如果说我国社会主义法制建设还有一些薄弱环节或薄弱领域的话,那么自然保护区立法即是其中之一。自然保护区在保护珍稀物种、典型生态系统、地质、地貌及维持生态系统平衡方面有着显著作用。目前,我国自然保护区的发展势头迅猛,但出现的新问题层出不穷,改变我国自然保护区立法明显滞后自然保护区发展的局面是当务之急。推行国家级自然保护区"一区一法"立法模式,是我国自然保护区立法的一个新课题,将成为未来一段时间内我国自然保护区立法的又一重要工作。在推行国家级自然保护区"一区一法"的立法模式中,"一法"应采取何种形式,以及"一区一法"与现行自然保护区立法如何协调都是值得探讨的问题。

Legislation, as the one of three parts of the modern legal system, is not only the origin, but also the foundation. At the present time, if there are some weaknesses in China＇ s socialist legislation building, the legislation of nature reserve is a typical representation. The nature reserve acts a part in protecting rare species, typical ecosystem, geology, physiognomy, and keeping the balance of the ecosystem. But there are so many problems coming forth during its development. The legislation development lagging evidently behind itself progress is the severest one. The model of ＂One Area, One Law＂, is a new attempt, and will be one of the most important tasks of nature reserve legislation for some time in the future. In this model, the ＂ One Law＂ should be any modalities, and how to harmonize ＂One Area, One Law＂ with the actual law of nature reserve is most worth to be discussed.