宁夏六盘山不同森林类型林地的贮水量

Water storage capacity of different forested lands in Liupan Mountains in Ningxia

为评价宁夏六盘山不同森林类型的水源涵养生态功能,对宁夏六盘山地区华北落叶松人工纯林、辽东栎天然纯林、白桦+山杨天然混交林和华山松+红桦+白桦天然混交林4种林地枯落物和土壤的贮水特征进行研究。采用样方法和浸泡法测定枯落物不同层次的最大持水量和持水特性,采用环刀法和浸泡法测定土壤水分物理性质和贮水量。结果表明:林地枯落物层饱和贮水量为华山松+红桦+白桦天然混交林最大,华北落叶松人工纯林次之,辽东栎天然纯林其次,白桦+山杨天然混交林最小;除华北落叶松人工纯林枯落物未分解层和华山松+红桦+白桦天然混交林半分解层在浸泡6 h时达到最大持水量外,其他森林类型各层次均在浸泡3 h时达到最大持水量;土壤饱和贮水量为华山松+红桦+白桦天然混交林最大,辽东栎天然纯林次之,华北落叶松人工纯林其次,白桦+山杨天然混交林最小。

In order to estimate water conservation function of different forests in Liupan Mountains, researches on the characteristics of water storage capacity of forest litter and soil are carried out, they are Larix principisrupprechtii pure plantation, Quercus liaotungensis pure natural forest, Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana mixed natural forest, Pinus arrnandii and Betula albo-sinensis and Betula platyphlla mixed natural forest. Litter storage quantity is determined by square samples and its water retention capacity is determined by soaking in water. Soil physical properties related to water are measured by cutting ring and soaking in water. As to amount of water contained in litters, it showed that Pinus arrnandii and Betula albo-sinensis and Betula platyphlla mixed natural forest is the largest, Larix principis-rupprechtii pure plantation is larger, then is Quercus liaotungensis pure natural forest, finally is Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana mixed natural forest. Undecomposed litters of Larix principis-rupprechtii pure plantation and half-decomposed litters of Pinus arrnandii and Betula albo-sinensis and Betula platyphlla mixed natural forest become saturated after 6 hours dripping in water and others all are 3 hours. As to maximum soil water storage amount, results showed that Pinus arrnandii and Betula albo-sinensis and Betula platyphlla mixed natural forest is the largest, Quercus liaotungensis pure natural forest is larger, then is Larix principis-rupprechtii pure plantation, finally is Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana mixed natural forest.