广西4家火电发电厂职业危害调查

Investigation on Occupational Hazards in 4 Coal Power Plants in Guangxi

[目的]了解广西火电发电厂职业危害程度和特点,为该行业的职业病防治和监督管理工作提供依据。[方法]对广西4家火电发电厂进行现场卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测和作业人员职业健康检查。[结果]粉尘和噪声污染是火电发电厂存在的主要职业病危害因素,氨和工频电场存在超标现象,空气中NO_X、CO、SO_2、H_2S、HCl、肼(H_4N_2)等浓度和微波强度均符合国家卫生标准。职业健康检查高仟伏胸部X线摄片合格率为98.1%,纯音听力测试合格率为73.3%。[结论]作业工人身体健康可能已受到职业病危害因素损伤,对超标作业点需加强治理,并加强个人防护。

[ Objective] To understand occupational hazards and their characteristics in coal power plants, in order to suggest prevention and control measures for occupational disease as well as surveillance and inspection measures. [ Methods ] On-spot sanitary investigation, examination of occupational hazards and physical examination of workers were undertaken in four coal power plants in Guangxi. [ Results ] Dust and noise were major occupational hazards in coal power plants, besides, ammonia concentration and the level of power frequency electric field exceeded the maximum permisible standard. The concentrations of NOx, CO, SO2, H2S, HCL, H4N2 and the level of microwave in the workpalces conformed to the national standard. In physical examination of workers, 98.1% were normal by chest roentgenography, and 73.3% were normal by the pure tone hearing test. [ Conclusion ] The workers＇ health has probably been harmed by occupational hazards, managements must be strengthen on the workplaces where hazards were dominant, and occupational protection for workers needs to be improved in coal power plants.