高浓度Zn^(2+)对克氏原螯虾几种免疫学相关指标的影响

Effects of High Concentration of Zn^(2+) on Immunochemical Variation of Procambarus clarkii

采用毒性试验方法,研究在不同暴露时间下0、5和10 mg.L-1Zn2+对克氏原螯虾血清和肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量等免疫学相关指标的影响。结果表明,肝胰腺ACP和溶菌酶活力远高于血清,而血清SOD活力、MDA含量高于肝胰腺。血清SOD、ACP、溶菌酶活力和MDA含量在暴露1 d后均表现为升高,然后持续下降,与暴露时间呈负相关;但暴露21 d后,除溶菌酶外,SOD、ACP活力和MDA含量均只稍低于对照组。肝胰腺SOD活力在暴露7 d内受到抑制,在第14天时被激活,暴露21 d后出现轻微抑制作用;ACP和溶菌酶活力均表现为先被激活再受抑制的过程,但暴露21 d后肝胰腺ACP抑制程度较血清深。这说明肝胰腺比血清更容易受Zn2+污染的影响,通过提高免疫系统相关酶活力,克氏原螯虾对高强度Zn2+污染具有很强的耐受能力。

An experiment was conducted to investigate effects of exposure for 3 weeks to high concentration of Zn^2＋ （50 mg· L^-1 ） on immunochemical variation of serum and hepatopancreas in Procambarus clarkii. Antioxidative and immune parameters such as superoxide dismutase（ SOD）, lysozyme, acid phosphatase（ ACP）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） were measured. Results show that activities of SOD, ACP and lysozyme and content of MDA in serum all increased on Day 1, then turned downwards and decreased continuously with the prolonging of the exposure time, but the activities of SOD and ACP and the content of MDA were all only slightly inhibited after 21 days of exposure, but lysozyme remained higher in activity than that in the control groups. The activity of SOD in hepatopancreas was inhibited within 7 days of exposure and activated on Day 14 （P 〈0.05） , but suppressed slightly again after Day 21. Lysozyme and ACP both were activated first and inhibited later, but the inhibition effect was more significant in hepatopancreas than in serum after Day 21, indicating that hepatopancreas is more sensitive to Zn^2＋ than to serum, and Procambarus clarkii can tolerate high Zn^2＋ contamination by enhancing its immunochemical enzyme system.