上海地区河流健康评价方法探讨

Approach for Health Assessment of Rivers in Shanghai

界定了河流健康的概念,基于对国外河流健康表征指标的剖析,尝试从河流水文、河流形态、河岸带状况、水质理化参数以及河流生物5方面对河流健康进行评价,初步提出由5个1级指标、17个2级指标架构的城市河流健康评价体系。通过国际调研、标准对照、专家咨询等方法制定相关评价标准,基于简明的评价模型将河流健康状况划分为很健康、健康、亚健康、不健康和病态5个等级。以上海中心城区某河流为例,对其健康状况进行评价。

After defining of the concept of river health, and analysing of the characteristic indexes （ ISC, RHP and USHA） of river health prevailing in other countries, attempts were made to assess river health in five different aspects, i.e. hydrology, morphology, riverside, physical and chemical properties of water quality, and aquatic life with an index system recommended to consist of 5 primary indices and 17 secondary indices. A data collection method taking into account reaches, measuring sites and transects was designed and a five-grade system including ＂excellent, good, marginal, poor, very poor＂ was established for assessment of river health. The above-described theories and methods were applied to the case study of a river in Shanghai, and the results reveal that this system is workable in assessing health or environmental conditions of rivers.